Hypothyroidism is the situation or condition when the thyroid gland produces too little thyroid hormone. It is not enough for a normal healthy human being. This condition is then known as an underactive thyroid. Hypothyroidism in its early stages may show no symptoms at all. But if it is left untreated for quite a long time, hypothyroidism can lead to several health problems, including high cholesterol and heart problems. Most of us are not aware of its symptoms, here are some:
10 Hypothyroidism symptoms (underactive thyroid)
Fatigue
Hypothyroidism slows down metabolism, leading to persistent fatigue and low energy levels. Even after adequate rest, individuals may feel lethargic and struggle with daily activities. This symptom is due to the body’s inability to efficiently use energy, making even routine tasks feel exhausting.
Weight Gain
Unexplained weight gain is a common symptom of hypothyroidism. A slower metabolic rate reduces the body’s ability to burn calories efficiently, leading to gradual weight increase. This symptom persists even with normal diet and exercise, often frustrating individuals who are unaware of their thyroid imbalance.
Cold Sensitivity
Hypothyroidism impairs the body’s ability to regulate temperature, causing an unusual sensitivity to cold. Reduced thyroid hormone levels slow down heat production, leaving individuals feeling cold even in warm environments. This symptom can interfere with comfort and daily routines, requiring extra layers of clothing or warmth.
Dry Skin
Dry, rough, or flaky skin is another hallmark of hypothyroidism. Reduced hormone levels slow skin cell turnover, resulting in a lack of moisture and elasticity. This symptom may also cause itchiness, irritation, and an increased risk of infections or cracks, especially in colder weather.
Hair Thinning
Thyroid hormone deficiency can disrupt the hair growth cycle, causing hair thinning or loss. This may affect the scalp, eyebrows, and body hair. Hair becomes brittle and prone to breakage, leading to noticeable changes in appearance. Prompt treatment can help reverse or prevent further loss.
Constipation
A slowed digestive system is a frequent issue in hypothyroidism. Reduced metabolism impacts gut motility, resulting in constipation. Stools become hard, infrequent, and difficult to pass, causing discomfort and bloating. Dietary changes and treatment of the underlying thyroid condition can improve bowel regularity.
Depression
Hormonal imbalances in hypothyroidism can lead to depression, mood swings, or apathy. Reduced thyroid activity affects brain chemistry, diminishing serotonin levels and causing low mood. Individuals may experience persistent sadness, lack of motivation, or difficulty enjoying activities they previously found fulfilling.
Hoarseness
A hoarse or raspy voice often occurs due to swelling or inflammation of the thyroid gland (goiter). This swelling can exert pressure on the vocal cords, altering voice tone or pitch. In severe cases, it may even cause discomfort or difficulty speaking.
Swollen Neck (Goiter)
A visibly swollen neck, or goiter, is a hallmark of hypothyroidism. It results from the thyroid gland enlarging as it tries to compensate for reduced hormone production. Goiters may cause discomfort, difficulty swallowing, or breathing issues if they grow too large.
Slow Heart Rate
Hypothyroidism can lead to bradycardia or a slower-than-normal heart rate. The thyroid hormone plays a vital role in heart function, and its deficiency reduces cardiac output. Symptoms may include fatigue, dizziness, or shortness of breath. Severe cases can increase the risk of heart disease.
Some common late symptoms of hypothyroidism
Untreated hypothyroidism can lead to severe symptoms like facial puffiness, hoarseness, slow heart rate, joint stiffness, thinning eyebrows, and myxedema. It may also cause depression, infertility, reduced sweating, and an enlarged thyroid (goiter).
- Facial puffiness
- Hoarseness
- Slow heart rate (bradycardia)
- Enlarged thyroid (goiter)
- Joint stiffness or swelling
- Depression or mental fog
- Thinning of outer eyebrows
- Reduced sweating
- Infertility or low libido
- Myxedema (severe swelling of skin and tissues)
Hypothyroidism symptoms in male
In males, hypothyroidism may cause fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, dry skin, thinning hair, depression, and memory issues. It can also lead to reduced libido, erectile dysfunction, muscle weakness, slow heart rate, and swelling in the neck or face.
- Fatigue
- Weight gain
- Sensitivity to cold
- Dry or rough skin
- Thinning hair or hair loss
- Depression or mood changes
- Memory and concentration difficulties (“brain fog”)
- Reduced libido
- Erectile dysfunction
- Muscle weakness or joint pain
- Swelling in the neck (goiter)
- Slow heart rate
Hypothyroidism symptoms in female
Hypothyroidism in females can cause fatigue, weight gain, cold sensitivity, hair thinning, dry skin, and mood changes. It may also lead to irregular periods, fertility issues, constipation, muscle weakness, and swelling in the neck or face.
- Fatigue
- Unexplained weight gain
- Sensitivity to cold
- Hair thinning or hair loss
- Dry skin
- Depression or mood swings
- Constipation
- Hoarseness
- Irregular or heavy menstrual periods
- Fertility challenges
- Swelling in the neck (goiter)
- Muscle weakness or joint pain
Hypothyroidism symptoms in children
Hypothyroidism can affect newborns. The majority of newborns with or without thyroid gland dysfunction do not exhibit symptoms right away. However, symptoms begin to show up if hypothyroidism is not identified and treated. They could consist of:
- Issues with feeding
- Inadequate weight gain, and inadequate growth.
- Jaundice – yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes.
- constipation
- Lack of muscles
- Dry skin
- Squeaky crying
- Enlarged tongue
- Umbilical hernia
When to see a doctor
See a doctor if you experience persistent fatigue, unexplained weight gain, cold intolerance, dry skin, hair thinning, or depression. Other signs include constipation, hoarseness, or menstrual irregularities. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and preventing complications.
